Chapter 17

Biomass: From Plants to Garbage 545

A.  Introduction

B.  Biomass Conversion

C.  Food, Fuel, Famine

D.  Municipal Solid Waste

E.   Wood Combustion

F.  Summary


alcohol fuel

fuel made by distilling grain, wood, or other plant products into alcohol. Ethanol (C2H5OH) is the most common fuel.

anaerobic digestion

decomposition process by which bacteria convert organic material into methane in the absence of oxygen.

biomass organic material in any form:

wood, crop residue, animal manure, and so forth. Biomass contains energy stored in chemical form.

leachate

liquid resulting from water moving through a landfill (“garbage juice”).

leaching

the process by which water moves through a material (e.g., garbage), picking up substances in the material.

photosynthesis

the production of carbohydrates in a plant from water and carbon dioxide using solar radiation.


Council for Biotechnology Information
http://www.whybiotech.com

Food Safety
http://www.foodsafety.gov

National Biodiesel Board
http://www.biodiesel.org

National Renewable Energy Laboratory
http://www.nrel.gov/biomass

Renewable Fuels Association
http://www.ethanolrfa.org

Transportation and Air Quality
http://www.epa.gov/otaq

Wood Heat Organization
http://www.woodheat.org